Transformer TCO Calculation
Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) considers purchase price plus lifetime energy losses and maintenance costs.
TCO Formula
- TCO: C₀ + (P₀ × T × E) + (Pₖ × LF² × T × E) + M
- C₀: Purchase price
- P₀: No-load loss (kW)
- Pₖ: Load loss (kW)
- T: Operating hours (8760/year × 25 years)
- E: Electricity rate ($/kWh)
- LF: Load factor
- M: 25-year maintenance cost